| Power Generation | Thermal and renewable power generation supplying electricity to owned distribution and external customers. | Integrated fuel supply linkages, established generation capacity, regulatory approvals, and technological upgrades. | Discoms and large industrial consumers; B2B primarily. | Renewable projects with incentives and long-term PPAs. | 10602 | 62 | Sale of generated power through PPAs and merchant sales to distribution companies. | Long-term power purchase agreements with fixed and variable tariffs, spot market sales. | Renewable capacity additions, favorable power demand, efficiency improvements, and government policies supporting green energy. | Budge Budge Generating Station, Haldia Energy Limited, Dhariwal Infrastructure Limited, Crescent Power |
| Electricity Distribution | Electricity distribution and retail supply services in licensed and franchise areas. | Monopoly license in key areas, strong customer relations, efficient operations, and advanced metering infrastructure. | Residential, commercial, and industrial end-users; B2C major with regulated tariffs. | Urban distribution with high customer density and low losses. | 6737 | 38 | Sale of electricity to end consumers, customer connection fees, and regulatory income. | Regulated tariffs approved by electricity commissions, with recurring revenue based on consumption. | Customer base expansion, T&D loss reduction, improved billing and digital collections. | CESC Kolkata, Noida Power Company Ltd, Rajasthan distribution franchises (Kota, Bharatpur, Bikaner), Malegaon DF, Chandigarh Power Distribution |
